What are the titles? Simple. To ensure that readers unstintingly of their time in the selection of content. Suffice it to say that to read a whole newspaper would take approximately four hours, while in Average Italians spend 20 minutes to the use of the newspaper. The choice, beyond the news vociferous on the front page, occurs primarily on the basis of the argument: some readers are interested in the first instance the record, other sports, and many more esters ... Then, once you begins to leaf through the newspaper, making another step towards collated the stories in it, come into play titles that represent the first "anchor points" of view for the reader: the securities held in a somewhat similar function to the images around these elements is articulated plastic organization of the page, readers read the system of verbal signs like a "map" and begins to decode the meaning. Among the reasons that push readers towards one direction or another then there are the "content types", ie news articles, the fotonotizie, interviews, reportages ... This factor influences the choice of readers: a 'interview is interesting because it usually reaches a high level of immediacy, the report (especially newspapers) require time and a certain mind set on free-press enjoy great fortune the headlines ... The contents of the short cut, including that microcontent ol'infografica accompany the images, generally enjoy good fortune.
intertextual dialogue The title is in any case a strategic point in the relationship between writer and reader: here come the focal point of the summary narratives that journalists have written in articles, spell out the meaning first Once in the attack and deepening it, on several occasions in the following paragraphs, along the so-called referential part of the article. Thanks to the program narrative titles, namely the deep structure of the story, emerges in its most immediate form. Also because the title is also used to "sell" the story, to make it interesting, to ensure that gains a greater or lesser extent in the attention space readers. This level of narrative runs parallel to the other: the titles are usually written by composers other than those who make the readers, even readers often pass from one to another title before falling to the level of the article. Through the newspaper headlines "talk" to each other, sometimes jumping from one medium to another (the title of a newspaper can allude to that on the news ... and vice versa), you realize that the dynamics of intertextual, allusive and conversational in system where the newspaper is a part.
elements of the titration To achieve these objectives are critical skills of securities. To him falls the task of bringing the greatest number of information, extrapolating from the article, in the most concise and pleasant as possible. How it works? First we see what are the elements that make up the title in its traditional structure, from top to bottom:
the eye (one or more periods that run on the title);
the title proper (with larger font, the size of which varies in proportion to the importance of the news),
script (under the title, even here one or more periods).
Finally, there is at least in some newspapers of traditional plant, the so-called "bolt" which adds more items to the summary, multiple lines (hence the name).
We usually say that the eye presents the news, the way it exposes and clarifies the interim. In fact, the eye is a residual element, which is useful mostly to complete the graph page, so that in the newspapers on line and there is practically no longer even in the free press (the youngest of the "old" media ...) is pretty rare. The most important information, those framing the focus of the news, are in the title, summary, adds some details specific and detailed the facts under the rule of five W (remember? That helps to understand if we are including the elements of the news). The loop also contains marginal aspects, in addition to the fact that you are telling, of which the reader could also help but without a sense of history is endangered.
Among the various components of the titration is important that there is no duplication or redundancy: "biodiversity" of the vocabulary must be very high if we use a word in the title can not return in the eye or in the summary. Strictly speaking, within the same page we should avoid duplication: for the player mastering the language by the journalist, the fact that we know use synonyms or paraphrase, is a symptom of reliability and mastery of the topics.
Types title licenses, according to the manual Papuzzi, are divided into statements and paradigmatic. It's definition is very useful to understand how to make: the first tells a story, summarize in a short form, usually contain a verb forms. The latter lends itself instead to mediate the emotional aspects or interpretations of the news and focuses mainly on an image taken out of it. To compose a narrative way you can in fact begin by identifying the key words of the story, chaining through a verbal form
Mafia arrested John Falsetto:
the boss was in hiding for eleven years
In this case we see a keyword (keyword) title with the built-in end of themed (we know now that we are talking about Mafia), followed by a past participle an imperfect and are told the two aspects of the news (The Performa and the phases preceding).
Let's take another example: In the United States comes
The GM salmon is super-fish to land on American tables. One year and three to reach a healthy weight
Again the news is presented with clarity, are evident in the first row at least what happens where and when. A verb form ("success") holds the other parts of the news while in the TOC unfolds a side effect (ie the fact that the salmon flesh long before GM becomes the ordinary one).
To dial a security paradigm, aimed at a more emotional effect, we will invest instead on a strong image that emerges from history, creating both a nominal basis (ie without verbs):
Albania
beach clear water and bunkers on the beach. But it is not a country for picky
is a title that evokes a place and somehow the size of the holidays (via a pun that refers to the Miami beach resort famous American) but does not explain clearly the meaning of history, to understand we have to resort to the other elements of the titration, ie the TOC.
Another example of this kind:
Biaggi, day by King
The Roman won both Race 1 and Race 2 of the San Marino Grand Prix, the eighth stage of the championship. Now extends into the standings. "I'm happy, I did not expect"
Just the image evoked by the title to find out that Max Biaggi has secured a major sporting success. Of course, we do not know what actually happened but in this case is more important to invest emotional aspects projecting and celebrating the news in the imagination of readers the idea that the Roman driver has triumphed in the race.
careful, the informativeness (ie the amount of information at a time) does not depend strictly on the type of security. In principle, it is true that the narrative titles explain more clearly the sense of history but also an iconic title may be more or less rich in information:
School, the dates of next year
return on Monday, September 13 stands for the majority of students, early in Trentino. The 2011 maturity will always start on June 22. Coincide with the April 25 Easter Monday
The title tells us, without verbal forms, which have left the dates of the next school year but when you actually start the school can learn just by reading the summary. Conversely:
School, starts Sept. 13
The dates of the new school year: maturity in 2011 will always start on June 22, April 25 will coincide with Easter. Trent students in the classroom before other
This is a title that immediately gives us practical information, a given effective and useful, below which it can share more, we think of the second floor, through the TOC. Based on this first distinction complessificare try to recover a little analysis that the reasoning on this issue and provide Anna Maria Lorusso Patrizia Violi (Semiotics of newspaper text, Laterza, 2004). The securities, according to the two semiology, will be:
- Narrative: when they report the facts (ie mainly through verbal)
- iconic, when summarizing the news and make a show (usually using an image retrieved by the )
- heartache: when investing on the reader's emotional involvement
- Interpretation: when providing the reader with a key to reading the news
Each title can also vary:
- informativity (The amount of information it contains)
- Theming (framed as a fact)
- emotional tone (if dramatizes, contains shades ironic etc.).
- Relationship with the image (the title can integrate more or less with the visual content )
- Organization frastica (how eyelet, converse with each title and abstract)
morphology Sometimes you may want to be inspired by well-known movie titles, music, literary works of some popularity ... remnants of "encyclopedia" that can return the common, perhaps through a play of words, and explain the meaning of Article reader to read it. We must of course choose references to works or events sufficiently known to avoid the risk of "aberrant decoding".
also in the composition of the title is important to keep in mind the visual content of the page: particularly in the weekly and monthly dialogue between title and image is crucial, but increasingly also in the newspapers, especially those views, the titles are "playing "with the visual content, alluding to the circumstances known to the community of readers who can then decode the implicit elements of the news, what the author and the reader take for granted.
A structure is to precede the name of the protagonist, in the position of keywords, just add the mimesis of speech (often without quotation marks, not to weigh down the page graphically):
The Look: "No to the patrols in situations of social"
Or ( to touch a subject "painful" in recent days ...):
Lippi: The responsibility is mine
Montolivo: We were mesmerized as
As you can see the direct speech is pretty common in the titles, because this reflects an objective of immediacy that belongs above all to journalism in the news. The direct and indirect speech can be alternated with the second different formulas:
"Intoxicated with the mozzarella blue
In Padua a man under investigation
Lecco, complaints against the Police
" I was kicked and tortured "
Slaughter of Viareggio, 18 The prosecutor suspects
: "Investigations have not been closed"
It confirms the fact that the alternation between mimesis and diegesis is a hallmark of journalistic writing that can raise the pace and keep alive the attention of readers promoting while the inclusion of much information in little space.
